Thetis

Mannheimer Beiträge zur klassischen Archäologie und Geschichte Griechenlands und Zyperns
Herausgegeben von Reinhard Stupperich und Heinz A. Richter

Band 22 (2015) ISBN 978-3-447-10338-1 online bestellen

• Zur Wasserversorgung griechischer Planstädte
• Thorsten Linsner,
  A fundamental premise for the foundation and the successful continuity of cities, is the water supply; it is indispensable for the personal requirements of the inhabitants, and in economic terms, for agriculture and livestock breeding. This article specifically examines the hydraulic engineering of four ancient greek cities which were designed under the so-called Hippodameian system with parallel streets forming a grid: Miletus, Piraeus, Olynthus and Priene. After a discussion on Hippodamos of Miletus and his influence to ancient town planning and an overview of the ancient possibilities for water supply (springs, wells, seepage galleries, cisterns and central water supply via pipelines), the study finally shows the differences and similarities of the hydraulic constructions of the aforementioned cities in classical and hellenistic times; the history of research and the town history provide, inter alia, information about the current state of research and the political context for building activities relating to the water supply.
  The comparison of the four cities shows that the Milesians covered their water demand by means of wells, cisterns and a pipeline network which was used at the latest from the re-establishment of their city (479 BC) to at least the Roman Empire. By contrast, Piraeus, Olynthus and Priene were largely dependent on a single water supply system since their foundations. While the inhabitants of Piraeus were provided with water predominantly by cisterns since the city’s establish ment (about 450 BC), Olynthus and Priene might have had a pipeline network from the outset (after 432 BC/ about 350 BC), with only very few cisterns and one well respectively. Most importantly, the comparison of the hydraulic engineering systems demonstrates that a technology transfer between ancient greek cities is definitely conceivable.
• Grenz- und Torgottheiten im Mittelmeerraum
• Valentina Belfiore
  This study takes into consideration diverse figured and written traditions concerning Mediterranean gods of boundaries and doorways. A special attention is paid to double-headed gods, which appear in Greek painted and plastic figured ceramics and are well represented in Roman sculpture. Hermae know also some fortune in Etruscan environment. Focusing on this latter, double joung and women’s faces from Tarquinia let in particular consider the possible connection between janiform deities and Hellenistic mysteric cults of Dionysos.
• Nachträge, Korrekturen und offene Fra gen zur materiellen und schriftlichen Über lieferung von ausgewählten Denkmälern im Athen des 5. und 4. Jhs. v. Chr.
• Martha Weber
  The article focuses on several questions and topics already introduced by the author in the last volume of Thetis, which will now be discussed in further detail and expanded due to newly gained insights. There are ten chapters partly linked to each other, the first of which lists all of the classical monuments with historical importance mentioned by Herodot. Another one presents examples of mirrored copies of Greek statues, some of their elements or reliefs. In the other paragraphs, several statues or statue-types are analysed – Pericles, Athena Eirene-Velletri, Hestia, Athena Lemnia, the statue of Apollo in Kassel, the Amazons in Ephesos, Eirene and Plato –, their type and specific elements defined and compared to other statues with similar elements or pictures on Greek coins. In some cases a reconstruction is attempted concerning posture and stance as well as possible affiliations of the body with a head.
• Alexandermosaik – Rezeption und Bildanalyse
• Thuri Lorenz
  Since its discovery in 1831 in the Casa del Fauno in Pompeii the great mosaic representing a battle between Alexander the Great and the Persian King Darius III was supposed to be a real or relatively exact copy of a Greek painting of the time of Alexander or shortly after his death. It was originally published in the form of drawings and etchings of two artists of the 19th century who were present at the time of the discovery. They eliminated, according to their academic training, some differences of both sides – the left one showing Alexander attacking an enemy and the right one presenting the fleeing Darius – especially in the rendering of the eyes, because they were convinced to deal with the copy of one homogeneous original painting. But by comparing the eyes of Alexander and the warrior next to him with those of Darius and the carrier on his side it becomes evident that two different works of art were used to create a new one. The Alexander-motive is to be found in Italy, on Etruscan urns from Perugia, the composition of the Darius-scene is probably derived from a painting in Alexandria.
• Das Porträt des Apuleius in Trier
• Erika Simon
  This article is a supplement to former works of E. Simon concerning the ceiling of the Constantinian palace in Trier. The later ceiling of the 4th century contains 15 fields which are well restored. One of the pictures was formerly identified by E. Simon as an image of Apuleius from Madauros. In this article she uses Apuleius’ Apology (pro se de magia) to support her identification of the image as Apuleius. This text confirms the ascription with the hair’s depiction and Apuleius’ eloquence as main arguments. Furthermore, the image of Cupid and Psyche next to the portrait of Apuleius on this cei ling also supports her ascription as Apuleius, because they are the central characters of his Metamorphoses. Finally, the fact that Constantine erected only two images of roman poets in the thermae of Zeuxippos – namely Apuleius and Vergil – confirms Constantine’s adoration for Apuleius, verifies the interpretation of the image in Trier, and probably the interpretation of the other bust of the ceiling as Vergil, too.
Neuzeit


• Deux mois à Chypre en 1864-1865. Souvenirs et dessins de Léon de Maricourt, fils du consul de France à Larnaca
• Lucie Bonato
  Léon de Maricourt, son of the consul of France in Larnaca, Louis Dumesnil Maricourt (1862-1865), visited his family at the end of his studies in early October 1864 and remained on the island roughly two months. He later published an account of his stay in which he related the excursions that he made, the events he attended, and how he began a collection of antiquities De Saint-Cyr à Jérusalem. Souvenirs intimes). The manuscript of the book is preserved in the family archives and includes drawings that are published here.
• Christian Zervos und seine Fotobü cher zur griechischen Kunst. Vom Manifest aufbegehrender Künstler zur opulenten wissenschaftlichen Dokumentation
• Pascal Weitmann
  Christian Zervos (1889-1970), PhD in Byzantine philosophy and of Greek origin, was a writer on art, a publisher and a central figure of the Parisian art scene in the 1920-50s. As a counterpart to his books and magazines on contemporary art he edited illustrated books of large format on ancient art between 1934 and 1969 whose explanatory texts he mostly wrote himself and for which he also created the layout. For the photographs of the first volume, he probably used already existing professional material, for the subsequent volumes he seems to have specially hired professional photographers. The first of these volumes stood against the background of the polemical, anti-academic positioning of the Paris avant-garde art of the 1930s. But especially after the 2nd World War, Zervos‘s books converted first into opulent works aiming at the well-educated reader, then into professional history of art and history of civilization. The photographs, even in the new editions of the first volume, were often exchanged. This fact, connected with the question what purpose the book respectively indicates and how Greek art is shown therein, is the content of the present study. Special attention is given to how the different eras and genres of art in each volume are taken into account and to what extent the selected photographic material corresponds to the changing intentions of the books.
• Klassizistische Industrie-Fliesen II: Die Fliesenbilder des Künstlers John Moyr Smith als Beispiel für die Rezeption der Antike
• Reinhard Stupperich
  One of the most interesting artists of late Victorian ceramics and tiles was John Moyr Smith, a Scottish architect and draftsman, who had worked for Fun and Punch before becoming head designer for the two Minton China firms. He was well trained in the reception of classical as well as medieval architectural forms, but also historical dressing etc. His series of tiles, mostly dating from the 1870s, present a remarkable variety of themes almost all of them let us discover discreet traces of classical education including knowledge of Greek and backed by visits in London Museums. Thus on the basis of his journalistic
Zeitgeschichte


• Die Besatzungsanleihe – To Ka tochiko Daneio
• Heinz A. Richter
  This article describes and analyses the financial system of Greece during the occupation from 1941 to 1944. It gives an in depth picture of the various problems which appeared, e. g. the galloping inflation which was about to destroy the Drachme as a means to buy and pay goods. It was saved by Neubacher’s gold action: He sold a miilion golden sovereigns at the stockmarket and thus kept the Drachme a currency. Another topic are the activities of DEGRIGES and SAGIC. Finally it analy ses the so-called katochiko daneio (occupation loan). It uses the final report of the Reichsbank of April 1945 and the memoirs of Konstantinos Logothetopoulos of 1948 (the latter has disappeared from all Greek librar ies) as sources. Based on these sources the article comes to the conclusion that Germany does not owe Greece billions in the contrarythere is a rather balanced account a little bit in favour of Germany.
• Widerstand und Repression im Zweiten Weltkrieg im Vergleich: Frankreich, Serbien, die Peloponnes und Kreta
• Harald Gilbert
  This article analyses and compares the resistance to the occupying forces and the German reprisals in Greece (the Peloponnese and Crete), in Serbia and France. Aside from the German attack on the island in 1941 there were acts of resistance, executions and destruction of villages in Crete especially in 1943 and 44, on the Peloponnese not before the peninsula’s occupation by the Germans in 1943. In Crete as well as on the Peloponnese thousands of people were victims of German reprisals. In Serbia, where resistance started in summer and autumn of 1941, German (and Austrian) soldiers killed more than 20.000 civilians in scarcely more than two months. In France in 1941 single German soldiers were attacked. The police of Vichy-France took part in the prosecution of the attackers. Nevertheless hundreds of hostages were killed here too.
Dokumentation