Thetis

Mannheimer Beiträge zur klassischen Archäologie und Geschichte Griechenlands und Zyperns
Herausgegeben von Reinhard Stupperich und Heinz A. Richter

Band 1

• Heinrich Schliemann in Troja
• Wolfgang Schiering
  Some short biographical notes on Heinrich Schliemann are followed by remarks on the excavations that made him famous, those at Troy, emphasizing the importance of his exploits there and the methodic progress made during these expeditions.
• Die Grabriten auf dem Tell Yunacite (Westbulgarien) und das Problem der Indogermanisierung des Balkans
• Askold Ivantchik
  At the important site Tell Yunacite in Western Bulgaria a joint Russian-Bulgarian excavation uncovered settlement layers reaching from chalcolithic until Roman imperial times. Of special interest are small children's tombs found under the floors of early bronze age houses. Comparable burial customs have been observed in related, but also in more remote cultures, even in modern Ossetian societies, and point to an Indo-Euopean origin of the inhabitants. Other human remains, this time of grown-up persons, were found between the ruins of the last chalcolithic settlement and the first bronze age layer, obviously they can be interpreted as the last inhabitants killed by the Indo-European new-comers. From their brutal treatment differ two young men in regular tombs, which probabely belong to the victors' side and were killed on the spot during the attack before the levelling of the area for the establishment of their first bronze age settlement.
• Ein mykenischer Klingengriff aus Olympia
• Thomas Völling
  As the old Olympia excavations produced scarcely any relevant Mycenean finds, the thesis was proposed by Furtw"ngler that Olympia and its games were founded only after the 'dark ages'. Meanwhile several small Mycenean objects have been found or identified among the old finds and suggest a tradition from the bronze age. Thus a small bronze object found in 1963 to the north-west of the Philippeion is identified here as the handle of a late Mycenean small sword. Though it is the first bronze age weapon found in Olympia, we can not be sure that it was a votive offering originally.
• Griechische Vasen in der Sammlung des Archäologischen Seminars der Universität Mannheim
• Studenten des Archäologischen Seminars
  A small number of Greek vases in the study collection of the Archaeological Seminary at Mannheim Univerity is presented here in description, drawings and photographs, analysed and dated by a group of Mannheim students of Archaeology.
• Reading Illegible Greek Inscriptions: Athens and Egesta
• Mortimer Chambers
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• Fragmentanpassungen bei attischen Grabreliefs
• Reinhard Stupperich
  Some suggestions are made for joining fragments of classical Attic grave reliefs that have been published in photograph or even just in drawing; though they must remain somewhat problematic, until they can be proved by adding a cast. They will allow for some new interpretation of these important fourth century B.C. monuments.
• Ein Prachtkamm aus dem Kerameikos
• Reinhard Stupperich
  In the last volume of the Ceramicus excavations at Athens there was published a complex of some decorated ivory fragments, which obviously belong together near the left hand of the dead in a sarcophagus. The unknown small instrument, which they formed originally, is identified here as a luxurious ivory comb. It supplements other objects from the same tomb such as a mirror and boxes with make-up paint in different colours. Thus is raised the question whether the tomb can be explained as that of the actor Makareus, whose tombstone was erected near by half a century later, or whether the - unpublished - anthropological analysis might even allow for a woman.
• Fragment eines palmyrenischen Votivreliefs im Archaeologischen Seminar der Universität Mannheim
• Reinhard Stupperich
  In the collection of the Archaeological Seminary in the palace of the elector Palatine at Mannheim there is a fragmentary votive relief showing two frontal figures of gods in armour. It betrays the specific style of Palmyra in early Imperial times. The gods must belong to the main trias of Palmyra, Bel accompanied by the sun god Jarhibol and the moon god Aglibol, the latter being the only one preserved. The helmted figure at the other side is identified as Arsu, the war god. Such series of frontal armed Gods are a typical structural feature of Palmyrene votiv reliefs.
• Ein italischer Sigillatatoepfer im Rheinland
• Bernd Liesen
  A small fragment of grey terra nigra ware with a central planta pedis stamp found near Xanten is identified as local product of an Italian potter working in the context of the legions of the lower Rhine area in Tiberian or early Claudian times.
• Der "Bogenschütze" von Ernst Moritz Geyger. Von der wenig beachteten Skulptur auf der SUEGA zum floralen Bestandteil des Ebert-Parks in Ludwigshafen/Rhein
• Martin H. Schmidt
  The bronze bowman is the main work of the artist E.M. Geyger. The motiv is adopted from ancient Greek sculpture, but in an extremely un-Greek manner; the main source of inspiration is identified here as an ancient torso of a wrestler at Berlin, mistakenly restored as a bowman. Geyger produced his bowman in 1895, it was bought by the German Emperor Wilhelm II after an exhibition in 1900 and put up in the gardens of Sanssouci at Potsdam. Consequently four replicas were put up in public places, one of them at the occasion of the South German Gardening Exhibition (SUEGA) in the Ebert-Park at Ludwigshafen in 1925; in 1928 it was transferred to a place in front of an attractive circular caf, building unfortunately unfavourable to its effects.

• Die autonome Republik Metsovo 1659 - 1795
• Johann Benos
  This article informs about the autonomous federal republic which the Vlachs errected in the Pindus region in the 17th century and which was organised rather democratically according to ancient models. The independence of the republic was protected by a firman of the sultan. The town of Metsovon became rich and a cultural centre which attracted people from all over Greece. Ali Pasha of Ioannina made an end to this liberty in 1795 when he tried to create a politically homogenous Greek speaking state in which was no room for autonomous republics. Benos who himself is of Vlach origin has intimate knowledge of the history of his ancestors.
• Army, Constitution and People in Greece
• Marion Sarafis
  
• Greece, the Cold War and the British Labour Movement, 1945-49
• John Sakkas
  
• Containment Discourse and the Construction of Post-World War II Greece
• Prodromos M. Yannas
  
• Das Ende des Ost-West-Konflikts hat Griechenland auf dem Balkan isoliert
• Heinz-Jürgen Axt
  Axt analyses Greece's recent foreign policy. According to him Greece is not only geographically isolated. The end of the Cold War did not free Greece from threats as Turkey is considered to be the main menace. Moreover old rivalries which had beeen deep frozen by the Cold War were called into life again and are perceived as new dangers. There is the real problem with Albania. Potentially Bulgaria might ask for an outlet to the Aegean. Greek reaction to the new republic of Macedonia is a living proof how insecure Athens considers the Greek position. Axt's main critcism is that Athens does neither analyse soberly the real power balance nor use its membership in the European Union reasonably. Instead Greek politicians instrumentalise foreign policy for internal purposes. But overboarding populism and nationalism leads to isolation.
• Eine neue Runde im Poker um Zypern: Varosha versus Nicosia Airport
• Heinz A. Richter
  In early summer 1993 there was a real chance to begin with a solution of the Cyprus conflict. Under the guidance of Boutros Boutros-Ghali the two main opponents, Glafkos Kliridis and Rauf Denktash had worked out a set of confidence building measures. It was a bargain according to the principle of do ut des. The Turkish Cypriots would transfer the ghost town of Varosha to the United Nations which in turn would allow the former citizens mainly Greeks to return. The Greek Cypriots would agree that the international airport of Nicosia could be used by both sides. It was a fair deal, indeed the Greek Cypriot side would make the bigger concessions. In May 1993 Denktash accepted the proposals and promised to work for their application. When he returned to Northern Cyprus he went back on his word and a few days later in Ankara he denounced the whole scheme despite the fact that the Inoenue government was allegedly inclined to accept the deal.

• Griechenland: Bürgerkrieg 1946 - 1949
• Griechenland
  Towards the end of 1947 the Greek Communist Party (KKE) was outlawed and its publications were banned. From January 1948 to the end of 1949 the Central Committee published a journal called Dimokratikos Stratos. Few copy are accessible. The editor was lucky to find the complete set of 24. As a great number of the articles of DS are prime sources it is intended to reproduce them in THETIS. The first article reprinted gives with the reasons why the Democratic Army was formed. The second article deals with the so called Konitsa offensive: On Christmas 1947 the DS attacked the little town of Konitsa situated at the foot of the Pindus mountains. The article reproduced was written by Markos Vafeiadis the C.-in-C. of the DS himself. In the editor's introduction the reasons for this attack are described. The third part of the documentation is a kind of news bulletin of the DS which contains information not to be found elsewhere.
• Opposition in der "TRNC"
• Zypern
  North Cyprus is not confined to Rauf Denktash, his clique or to fraudulent Nadir. There is a opposition little known outside Cyprus consisting out of three parties. In this issue of THETIS the Republican Turkish Party and her president Oezker Oezguer are introduced. Oezguer's party may be considered as social democratic. Oezguer is a good Cypriot and believes in the chance for a reconciliation and reunification of the two Cypriot societies if Ankara wanted it. Oezguer deplores that Denktash and his mainland allies are against a solution. Thousands of Turkish Cypriots are fed up with the corrupt system and emigrate mainly to Great Britain. With the transfer of thousands of settlers to the island they are changing the demographic composition of the the population in the north. Oezguer is afraid that time is working against the Turkish Cypriots. The two documents published give some insight Oezguers thinking and show that there are alternatives to Denktash.